Following vascular diseases, diabetic patients are prone to diseases such as myocardial infarction, cerebral apoplexy, renal failure, neuropathy, and sexual dysfunction. Persistent high blood sugar will impair the function of the arterial endothelium and cause arteriosclerosis. Uncontrollable blood sugar after arteriosclerosis can lead to narrowing of the arterial lumen, which in turn induces cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease. So why are diabetics prone to vascular disease? How to deal with it correctly?
Why is diabetes prone to vascular disease?
1. Disorders of lipid metabolism
Although the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum of diabetic patients does not increase, the level of triglycerides increases, which in turn increases the risk of coronary heart disease.
2. Hyperglycemia
Persistent hyperglycemia can cause hemoglobin to combine with blood sugar to produce glycosylated hemoglobin, thereby reducing the ability to carry oxygen, leading to tissue ischemia and hypoxia. Hyperglycemia also generates sorbitol through aldose reductase, which stimulates arterial smooth muscle cells. At the same time, fibroblasts also proliferate, which ultimately leads to vascular disease.
3. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia
Hyperinsulinemia can promote the synthesis and uptake of lipids in the arterial wall, and the clearance of cholesterol is affected, which makes the smooth muscle cells of the arterial wall proliferate, thereby exacerbating atherosclerosis.
4. Abnormal endothelial cells and abnormal hormone regulation
Endothelial function disorders and platelet dysfunction, as well as hormone abnormalities such as insulin, catecholamines, and growth hormone can also cause vascular disease.
How can diabetic patients prevent arteriosclerosis?
1. Control total calories, cholesterol and fat intake
Carbohydrates can provide calories for the body, but it is necessary to control the total calorie intake, that is, control the daily staple food intake, and you can feel 7-8 minutes full for each meal. Choose low-calorie, high vitamin and high dietary fiber coarse grains, whole grains and green leafy vegetables, such as whole wheat flour beans and celery. At the same time, cholesterol intake should be restricted, so as to reduce total cholesterol and bad cholesterol, effectively prevent arteriosclerosis, and eat less animal organs, crab yolk and egg yolk. In addition, it is necessary to limit fat intake, the daily intake should not exceed 20-25 grams, master scientific cooking methods, cook food with steaming, stewing and cold salad, and eat less fried food and margarine.
2. Quit smoking
Smoking can increase the level of carbon monoxide in the blood and reduce the ability to carry oxygen. Arteriosclerosis occurs because the heart arteries are blocked. If you want to relieve the condition, you must have enough oxygen supply. Smoking is bound to make the condition worse. In addition, smoking can also inhibit lipoprotein esterase activity, increase triglycerides, reduce good cholesterol content, and then destroy endothelial cell function, leading to arterial spasm. Therefore, we must quit smoking and stay away from the second-hand smoke environment.
3. Increase fiber intake
Water-soluble dietary fiber can lower blood cholesterol levels. It can be obtained from barley, brown rice, oats and beans. However, fiber can absorb minerals in food and needs to be supplemented reasonably. In addition, eating onions properly can fight against hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis.
4. Participate in more physical exercises
People with abdominal obesity have a lot of visceral fat and are prone to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Therefore, they need to participate in more physical exercises to consume excess body fat and maintain a normal weight. Choose moderate exercises according to your physical condition and the state of heart function, such as cycling, Tai Chi or jogging, etc.
Kind reminder ：Diabetes patients should maintain a regular schedule and be positive and optimistic, not overwork their body, go to the hospital for vascular examinations regularly, and actively control cholesterol.
See also:
- Cholesterol care
- 9 Best At-Home Kidney Tests Buyers Guide In 2022
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- 2022 Best Home Hemoglobin Meter Buyers Guide
- Cholesterol test at home: Everything You Want to Know 2022 Version
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