Hemoglobin can be simply explained as ferritin in red blood cells, which has the function of carrying oxygen from one part of the body to another. Hemoglobin has the ability to bind approximately 1.36 to 1.37 milliliters of oxygen per gram. However, certain diseases can cause low levels of hemoglobin in the body and cause anemia. Let us first take a look at the normal human hemoglobin level:
* Newborn: 17-22 gm/dl
* Children: 11-13gm/dl
* Adult male: 14-18gm/dl
* Adult female: 12-16gm/dl
Causes of low hemoglobin
There are many reasons for low hemoglobin, and malnutrition is one of the most common factors. Many nutrient deficiencies will directly affect the amount of hemoglobin, such as vitamin deficiency (especially B12). This problem is most common in pregnant women and women with improper diet (lack of folic acid, vitamins and minerals).
Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a lack of iron in the diet. Insufficient iron intake directly affects the production of hemoglobin, so it will cause major failures in the production of hemoglobin molecules. This will undoubtedly cause low levels of hemoglobin.
Excessive bleeding. Such as blood hemorrhoids, heavy bleeding during childbirth, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, menorrhagia, etc.
Hormonal imbalances can also lead to lower levels of red blood protein. Sometimes reduced thyroid function will cause the body's metabolic rate to drop, and the patient will feel tired and drowsy, which is also an important factor.
Patients suffering from spleen or pernicious anemia may be destroyed due to excessive red blood cells, resulting in a decrease in hemoglobin levels.
Chronic diseases such as kidney failure, cancer and Crohn's disease caused by long-term infection can also cause a decrease in hemoglobin. Other similar causes include intestinal infections and autoimmune diseases (such as systemic lupus erythematosus).
In addition, some drugs may have side effects on red blood cells, such as chemotherapy drugs, or radiation therapy.
Common symptoms of hemoglobin at low level
- tired
- Weak
- dizzy
- Inability to complete daily physical activities
- Shortness of breath and chest pain
- Palpitations
- Severe symptoms of anemia, such as whitish skin, tongue, and nails.
- Hair loss
How to treat low level of hemoglobin
The treatment of low hemoglobin depends on the specific cause. Generally, following a healthy diet is the best way to increase hemoglobin levels. People with iron deficiency anemia can take iron nutrition drugs to help increase hemoglobin levels. But if the above measures still do not work, it is best to see a doctor help check whether there are other diseases.