Our body cannot produce iron, it must be absorbed by food, and the iron absorbed from the food of normal diet is sufficient. However, iron in the body is lost in the intestinal and urinary tract systems with the shedding of epithelial cells, consuming about one milligram per day, so the amount equivalent to the loss needs to be replenished daily and treatment of iron deficiency anemia to maintain iron balance. The daily iron requirement for a normal adult male is five to ten milligrams, while for a female it is seven to twenty milligrams.
Daily iron intake for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia
The recommended daily amounts of iron depend on your age, your sex, and whether you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Symptoms and treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Symptoms of iron deficiency anemia are fatigue, pallor, wheezing and palpitations caused by anemia, and the smooth and painful tongue, sunken spatulate fingernails or flattening and loss of curvature caused by ischemia.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia, the cause of iron deficiency needs to be found first. Simple iron deficiency anemia can be treated with iron supplementation.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Iron supplementation for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Generally, oral iron supplements are mainly bivalent iron, which is more easily absorbed but more irritating to the stomach; trivalent iron is less irritating to the stomach but has the problem of not being easily absorbed, therefore, if there are no special circumstances, it is generally recommended to take oral bivalent iron as the main supplemental treatment, this is the more conventional treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
If oral iron is not tolerated or not absorbed well, for example, in patients with secondary or total gastrectomy, Intravenous iron injection for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia can be considered to achieve complete absorption, but it sometimes causes allergic reactions and iron is not easily eliminated, and injecting too much unnecessary iron can also cause problems of iron overload.
Generally, after taking iron orally, the reticulocytes start to increase in seven to ten days, and the hematocrit starts to rise in two to four weeks. The treatment of iron deficiency anemia course for oral iron is four to six months, and for iron injection is about two months, after which follow-up examinations are required every six months to one year to prevent the recurrence of iron deficiency anemia.
Dietary intake is a good way for treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Diet can be supplemented with high-protein foods, such as fish, lean meat, eggs, and milk. Iron-rich foods include seaweed (e.g. nori, hairy vegetables), pepper, peanuts, sesame seeds, dried oysters, liver, pig's blood, shellfish (e.g. clams, cecropia tongue, kaufen), oatmeal, genso sugar, beans (e.g. emperor beans, red beans, soybeans), iron-rich milk powder, and folic acid-containing foods such as chicken liver, orange juice, spinach, kidney beans, soybeans, asparagus, and daikon.
Foods containing vitamin B12 include liver, eggs, milk; fruits such as guava, melon, papaya, strawberries, grapefruit, kiwi, oranges, etc., and vegetables such as peppers, kale, green cauliflower, tomatoes, etc. are rich in vitamin C to help Helps with the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
Vitamin C and tea and high-calcium foods are best avoided together, so as not to affect the absorption of iron, if necessary, before and after the interval of more than 2 hours.
Attention to the impact of life and rest helps treatment of iron deficiency anemia
When walking or climbing stairs, it is advisable to slow down and change your posture slowly to reduce dizziness, rest more and get enough sleep, and avoid overwork. Pay attention to the color of your urine and stool. If there is red or black color, please consult a doctor as soon as possible. If the cause of iron deficiency anemia can be effectively controlled, it will be easier to treat. On the contrary, if the cause of iron deficiency anemia (e.g. excessive menstrual bleeding, subtotal gastric resection, gastrointestinal absorption disorder) is not easily controlled, it is necessary to take iron supplements for a long time to replenish the lost iron.
Treatment of iron deficiency anemia method notes
Medical care starts with establishing the diagnosis and reason for the iron deficiency. In most patients, the iron deficiency should be treated with oral iron therapy, and the underlying etiology should be corrected so the deficiency does not recur. However, avoid giving iron to patients who have a microcytic iron-overloading disorder (eg, thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia). Do not administer parenteral iron therapy to patients who should be treated with oral iron, as anaphylaxis may result.
Uncommonly, postmenopausal women are unresponsive to iron supplementation, including parenteral iron, because they have primary defective iron reutilization due to androgen deficiency. This condition responds only to androgen replacement.
References
1. Iron-Deficiency Anemia | NHLBI, NIH
2. Iron Deficiency Anemia Treatment & Management - Medscape
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