1. What is the relationship between blood pressure and the nervous system?
The nervous system that plays an important role in blood pressure regulation is the sympathetic nervous system and the central nervous system. The organs innervated by sympathetic nerves involved in blood pressure regulation are the heart, blood vessels, kidneys and adrenal glands. The heart is simultaneously innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the nerves related to blood pressure regulation in blood vessels are mainly sympathetic vasoconstrictor fibers.
The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the short-term regulation of blood pressure.
When peripheral vascular sympathetic nerves are excited, blood vessels constrict, local vascular resistance increases, and blood pressure rises. Baroreceptors are part of the sympathetic nerve cells located in the walls of the large arteries. When the blood pressure rises or falls, it sends out an impulse to "warn" the nervous system, causing the blood vessels to dilate or contract accordingly, so that the blood pressure remains stable.
In addition, the sympathetic nervous system can also act on the kidneys, causing the kidney’s arterioles and arterioles to contract and reduce renal blood flow. At the same time, it can also promote the release of renin, which in turn leads to an increase in the secretion of angiotensin and aldosterone, and blood pressure elevated.
In addition, the sympathetic nervous system can also promote the release of adrenaline and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla. The latter two have a constrictive effect on the blood vessels of the whole body, which can lead to increased blood pressure.
In short, in hypertensive patients, the excitability of the sympathetic nervous system is enhanced, the heart beats fast and powerful, the cardiac output increases, the resistance vasoconstriction increases, the blood vessel wall hypertrophy, the lumen becomes smaller, and the peripheral vascular resistance increases.
The central nervous system also plays a very important role in blood pressure regulation.
When the cerebral cortex excitement and inhibition process is abnormal, the subcortical vascular motor center will lose balance, leading to increased adrenergic activity, and the postganglionic sympathetic nerve releases norepinephrine, which leads to increased peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure.
It can be seen that the sympathetic nervous system and the central nervous system play a very important role in the regulation of blood pressure and the pathogenesis of hypertension. For this type of hypertensive patients, especially young and middle-aged hypertensive patients with fast heart rate, β-blockers, such as metoprolol (labetalol), bisoprolol, atenolol and other Lolol lowering agents Compression is the first choice.
2. What is the relationship between high blood pressure and psychological factors?
Everyone has psychological activities, and everyone has emotions, sorrows, sorrows and joys. However, for roughly the same adverse stimuli, some people can deal with it calmly, some people have nervous breakdowns, some people are anxious and depressed, and some people even have schizophrenia. This is because different people have different mental states.
Studies have confirmed that when the human body is exposed to adverse stimuli, the brain center will respond. Because different people have different life experiences, economic levels, and education levels, they respond differently to adverse stimuli.
When the human body is in a state of excessive tension, the brain center will release a large number of catecholamines. These substances not only act on the heart to increase the heart rate, but also act on the peripheral blood vessels to contract, resulting in an increase in blood pressure. If the human body is in a state of excessive tension for a long time and the nervous system continues to be strongly stimulated, it may increase the excitability of the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn causes the strong contraction of small blood vessels throughout the body, leading to increased blood pressure.
It can be seen that maintaining a good mental state and relaxing the mood have a certain effect on maintaining normal blood pressure. Removal of psychological pressure and maintaining mental balance are of great significance to the prevention of hypertension.
Therefore, whether it is the sympathetic nervous system, central nervous system, or psychological factors, are inseparable from the regulation of blood pressure. Excessive tension causes the sympathetic nervous system to be activated, and it also raises blood pressure through a series of mechanisms. Therefore, when facing high blood pressure, the majority of friends should not only pay attention to it, but also not be overly nervous and panic all day long. This is not conducive to antihypertensive treatment. Instead, it is necessary to choose the right antihypertensive drugs with a calm mind, and combine diet, exercise and other auxiliary means to achieve satisfactory results.
See also:
- Cholesterol care
- 9 Best At-Home Kidney Tests Buyers Guide In 2022
- What Is Blood Test For Iron Called?
- 2022 Best Home Hemoglobin Meter Buyers Guide
- Cholesterol test at home: Everything You Want to Know 2022 Version